1881
In 1881, Clara Barton founded the Red Cross, changing the nature of volunteerism in America while ensuring that people would have a place to turn in times of distress and emergency. While some like Barton worked to move America toward compassion and progress, there were constant reminders that the U.S. was still a wild, violent land. President James Garfield was inaugurated just a few months before an assassin’s bullet ended his life, just as it had with Lincoln less than 20 years before. In the West that year, Pat Garrett killed outlaw Billy the Kid, and the Earp brothers engaged the Clanton gang during a gunfight at the O.K. Corral.
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